Browse topics

Constructing and interpreting genograms

How to draw a three-generation pedigree with standard NSGC symbols, including the 2022 sex and gender update, what to ask, how to read inheritance patterns and hereditary cancer red flags, and how to take a family history respectfully with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and Māori families.

Tier 2Medical sciences concept

Written with AI assistance and fact-checked against the sources below. For exam study, not clinical decisions. How notes are made

3 questions 8 flashcards

At a glance

A pedigree (genogram) records at least three generations with standard symbols. It is often the cheapest and most informative genetic test.
It supports pattern recognition (dominant, recessive, X-linked, mitochondrial), risk assessment (eviQ referral, Amsterdam criteria, Dutch Lipid Clinic score) and cascade testing.
Use the NSGC nomenclature (2008, with the 2022 sex and gender update). Always add a key, the date and who gave the history.

Loading the rest of the note…

Finished reading?

Test yourself on it:3 questions 8 flashcards

Sources

Bennett RL, French KS, Resta RG, Doyle DL. Standardized human pedigree nomenclature: update and assessment of the recommendations of the National Society of Genetic Counselors. J Genet Couns 2008;17:424-433National Society of Genetic Counselors, 2008
Bennett RL, French KS, Resta RG, Austin J. Practice resource-focused revision: standardized pedigree nomenclature update centered on sex and gender inclusivity. J Genet Couns 2022;31:1238-1248National Society of Genetic Counselors, 2022
eviQ cancer genetics referral guidelinesAU/NZCancer Institute NSW
National guide to preventive healthcare for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peopleAU/NZNACCHO and RACGP, 4th edition
National Centre for Indigenous GenomicsAU/NZAustralian National University

Last updated: 14 November 2026

What changed

14 November 2026 Personal emails, About story and Australian-style copy