Chlamydia, gonorrhoea and Mycoplasma genitalium
Who to test and with which sample, ASHM treatment for chlamydia, gonorrhoea and resistance-guided Mycoplasma genitalium, test of cure versus retesting, disseminated gonococcal infection, STIs in pregnancy, doxy-PEP, and contact tracing in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and culturally diverse communities.
Tier 2Condition
Written with AI assistance and fact-checked against the sources below. For exam study, not clinical decisions. How notes are made
At a glance
- Chlamydia is Australia's commonest notified bacterial STI, concentrated in people aged 15 to 29. Most infections are asymptomatic, so testing is driven by risk, not symptoms.
- Gonorrhoea clusters in gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in cities and in young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in remote communities. Ceftriaxone resistance is emerging in urban Australia.
- Mycoplasma genitalium causes urethritis, cervicitis and PID. Over 60% of Australian strains are macrolide resistant (over 80% in GBMSM), so treatment is resistance-guided.
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Sources
- Australian STI Management Guidelines for Use in Primary Care: chlamydia, gonorrhoea, Mycoplasma genitalium, lymphogranuloma venereumAU/NZASHM (Australasian Society for HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Medicine), Current online edition, checked November 2026 (draft Australian Contact Tracing Guidelines 2026 out for consultation until 2 December 2026)
- Australasian Contact Tracing GuidelinesAU/NZASHM, 2022 (current until the 2026 Australian edition is finalised)
- Therapeutic Guidelines: Sexual and reproductive health, and Antibiotic (genital infections)AU/NZTherapeutic Guidelines Limited (eTG complete), current eTG edition (topic version not verified)
- Australian consensus statement on doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (doxy-PEP) for the prevention of syphilis, chlamydia and gonorrhoea among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men. Med J Aust 2024;220:381-6AU/NZMedical Journal of Australia (ASHM), 2024
- Workowski KA et al. Sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines, 2021. MMWR Recomm Rep 2021;70(4):1-187US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2021 (still the current CDC edition, November 2026)
- Luetkemeyer AF et al. Postexposure doxycycline to prevent bacterial sexually transmitted infections (DoxyPEP). N Engl J Med 2023;388:1296-306New England Journal of Medicine, 2023
- Last updated
- 14 November 2026
What changed
- 14 November 2026 Turnstile bot check on sign-in and signed-out feedback